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Topic 701: Software Engineering
701.1 Modern Software Development (weight: 6)
Weight: 6

Description: Candidates should be able to design software solutions suitable for modern runtime environments. Candidates should understand how services handle data persistence, sessions, status information, transactions, concurrency, security, performance, availability, scaling, load balancing, messaging, monitoring and APIs. Furthermore, candidates should understand the implications of agile and DevOps on software development.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand and design service based applications
Understand common API concepts and standards
Understand aspects of data storage, service status and session handling
Design software to be run in containers
Design software to be deployed to cloud services
Awareness of risks in the migration and integration of monolithic legacy software
Understand common application security risks and ways to mitigate them
Understand the concept of agile software development
Understand the concept of DevOps and its implications to software developers and operators
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

REST, JSON
Service Orientated Architectures (SOA)
Microservices
Immutable servers
Loose coupling
Cross site scripting, SQL injections, verbose error reports, API authentication, consistent enforcement of transport encryption
CORS headers and CSRF tokens
ACID properties and CAP theorem

701.2 Standard Components and Platforms for Software (weight: 2)
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should understand services offered by common cloud platforms. They should be able to include these services in their application architectures and deployment toolchains and understand the required service configurations. OpenStack service components are used as a reference implementation.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Features and concepts of object storage
Features and concepts of relational and NoSQL databases
Features and concepts of message brokers and message queues
Features and concepts of big data services
Features and concepts of application runtimes / PaaS
Features and concepts of content delivery networks
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

OpenStack Swift
OpenStack Trove
OpenStack Zaqar
CloudFoundry
OpenShift


701.3 Source Code Management (weight: 5)
Weight: 5

Description: Candidates should be able to use Git to manage and share source code. This includes creating and contributing to a repository as well as the usage of tags, branches and remote repositories. Furthermore, the candidate should be able to merge files and resolve merging conflicts.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand Git concepts and repository structure
Manage files within a Git repository
Manage branches and tags
Work with remote repositories and branches as well as submodules
Merge files and branches
Awareness of SVN and CVS, including concepts of centralized and distributed SCM solutions
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

git
.gitignore


701.4 Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (weight: 5)
Weight: 5

Description: Candidates should understand the principles and components of a continuous integration and continuous delivery pipeline. Candidates should be able to implement a CI/CD pipeline using Jenkins, including triggering the CI/CD pipeline, running unit, integration and acceptance tests, packaging software and handling the deployment of tested software artifacts. This objective covers the feature set of Jenkins version 2.0 or later.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand the concepts of Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery
Understand the components of a CI/CD pipeline, including builds, unit, integration and acceptance tests, artifact management, delivery and deployment
Understand deployment best practices
Understand the architecture and features of Jenkins, including Jenkins Plugins, Jenkins API, notifications and distributed builds
Define and run jobs in Jenkins, including parameter handling
Fingerprinting, artifacts and artifact repositories
Understand how Jenkins models continuous delivery pipelines and implement a declarative continuous delivery pipeline in Jenkins
Awareness of possible authentication and authorization models
Understanding of the Pipeline Plugin
Understand the features of important Jenkins modules such as Copy Artifact Plugin, Fingerprint Plugin, Docker Pipeline, Docker Build and Publish plugin, Git Plugin, Credentials Plugin
Awareness of Artifactory and Nexus
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

Step, Node, Stage
Jenkins SDL
Jenkinsfile
Declarative Pipeline
Blue-green and canary deployment
Topic 702: Container Management
702.1 Container Usage (weight: 7)
Weight: 7

Description: Candidates should be able to build, share and operate Docker containers. This includes creating Dockerfiles, using a Docker registry, creating and interacting with containers as well as connecting containers to networks and storage volumes. This objective covers the feature set of Docker version 17.06 or later.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand the Docker architecture
Use existing Docker images from a Docker registry
Create Dockerfiles and build images from Dockerfiles
Upload images to a Docker registry
Operate and access Docker containers
Connect container to Docker networks
Use Docker volumes for shared and persistent container storage
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

docker
Dockerfile
.dockerignore


702.2 Container Deployment and Orchestration (weight: 5)
Weight: 5

Description: Candidates should be able to run and manage multiple containers that work together to provide a service. This includes the orchestration of Docker containers using Docker Compose in conjunction with an existing Docker Swarm cluster as well as using an existing Kubernetes cluster. This objective covers the feature sets of Docker Compose version 1.14 or later, Docker Swarm included in Docker 17.06 or later and Kubernetes 1.6 or later.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand the application model of Docker Compose
Create and run Docker Compose Files (version 3 or later)
Understand the architecture and functionality of Docker Swarm mode
Run containers in a Docker Swarm, including the definition of services, stacks and the usage of secrets
Understand the architecture and application model Kubernetes
Define and manage a container-based application for Kubernetes, including the definition of Deployments, Services, ReplicaSets and Pods
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

docker-compose
docker
kubectl


702.3 Container Infrastructure (weight: 4)
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to set up a runtime environment for containers. This includes running containers on a local workstation as well as setting up a dedicated container host. Furthermore, candidates should be aware of other container infrastructures, storage, networking and container specific security aspects. This objective covers the feature set of Docker version 17.06 or later and Docker Machine 0.12 or later.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Use Docker Machine to setup a Docker host
Understand Docker networking concepts, including overlay networks
Create and manage Docker networks
Understand Docker storage concepts
Create and manage Docker volumes
Awareness of Flocker and flannel
Understand the concepts of service discovery
Basic feature knowledge of CoreOS Container Linux, rkt and etcd
Understand security risks of container virtualization and container images and how to mitigate them
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

docker-machine
Topic 703: Machine Deployment
703.1 Virtual Machine Deployment (weight: 4)
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to automate the deployment of a virtual machine with an operating system and a specific set of configuration files and software.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand Vagrant architecture and concepts, including storage and networking
Retrieve and use boxes from Atlas
Create and run Vagrantfiles
Access Vagrant virtual machines
Share and synchronize folder between a Vagrant virtual machine and the host system
Understand Vagrant provisioning, including File, Shell, Ansible and Docker
Understand multi-machine setup
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

vagrant
Vagrantfile


703.2 Cloud Deployment (weight: 2)
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to configure IaaS cloud instances and adjust them to match their available hardware resources, specifically, disk space and volumes. Additinally, candidates should be able to configure instances to allow secure SSH logins and prepare the instances to be ready for a configuration management tool such as Ansible.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understanding the features and concepts of cloud-init, including user-data and initializing and configuring cloud-init
Use cloud-init to create, resize and mount file systems, configure user accounts, including login credentials such as SSH keys and install software packages from the distributions repository
Understand the features and implications of IaaS clouds and virtualization for a computing instance, such as snapshotting, pausing, cloning and resource limits.

703.3 System Image Creation (weight: 2)
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to create images for containers, virtual machines and IaaS cloud instances.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand the functionality and features of Packer
Create and maintain template files
Build images from template files using different builders
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

packer
Topic 704: Configuration Management
704.1 Ansible (weight: 8)
Weight: 8

Description: Candidates should be able to use Ansible to ensure a target server is in a specific state regarding its configuration and installed software. This objective covers the feature set of Ansible version 2.2 or later.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand the principles of automated system configuration and software installation
Create and maintain inventory files
Understand how Ansible interacts with remote systems
Manage SSH login credentials for Ansible, including using unprivileged login accounts
Create, maintain and run Ansible playbooks, including tasks, handlers, conditionals, loops and registers
Set and use variables
Maintain secrets using Ansible vaults
Write Jinja2 templates, including using common filters, loops and conditionals
Understand and use Ansible roles and install Ansible roles from Ansible Galaxy
Understand and use important Ansible tasks, including file, copy, template, ini_file, lineinfile, patch, replace, user, group, command, shell, service, systemd, cron, apt, debconf, yum, git, and debug
Awareness of dynamic inventory
Awareness of Ansibles features for non-Linux systems
Awareness of Ansible containers
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

ansible.cfg
ansible-playbook
ansible-vault
ansible-galaxy
ansible-doc


704.2 Other Configuration Management Tools (weight: 2)
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should understand the main features and principles of important configuration management tools other than Ansible.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Basic feature and architecture knowledge of Puppet.
Basic feature and architecture knowledge of Chef.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

Manifest, Class, Recipe, Cookbook
puppet
chef
chef-solo
chef-client
chef-server-ctl
knife
Topic 705: Service Operations
705.1 IT Operations and Monitoring (weight: 4)
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should understand how IT infrastructure is involved in delivering a service. This includes knowledge about the major goals of IT operations, understanding functional and nonfunctional properties of an IT services and ways to monitor and measure them using Prometheus. Furthermore candidates should understand major security risks in IT infrastructure. This objective covers the feature set of Prometheus 1.7 or later.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand goals of IT operations and service provisioning, including nonfunctional properties such as availability, latency, responsiveness
Understand and identify metrics and indicators to monitor and measure the technical functionality of a service
Understand and identify metrics and indicators to monitor and measure the logical functionality of a service
Understand the architecture of Prometheus, including Exporters, Pushgateway, Alertmanager and Grafana
Monitor containers and microservices using Prometheus
Understand the principles of IT attacks against IT infrastructure
Understand the principles of the most important ways to protect IT infrastructure
Understand core IT infrastructure components and their the role in deployment
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

Prometheus, Node exporter, Pushgateway, Alertmanager, Grafana
Service exploits, brute force attacks, and denial of service attacks
Security updates, packet filtering and application gateways
Virtualization hosts, DNS and load balancers


705.2 Log Management and Analysis (weight: 4)
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should understand the role of log files in operations and troubleshooting. They should be able to set up centralized logging infrastructure based on Logstash to collect and normalize log data. Furthermore, candidates should understand how Elasticsearch and Kibana help to store and access log data.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understand how application and system logging works
Understand the architecture and functionality of Logstash, including the lifecycle of a log message and Logstash plugins
Understand the architecture and functionality of Elasticsearch and Kibana in the context of log data management (Elastic Stack)
Configure Logstash to collect, normalize, transform and store log data
Configure syslog and Filebeat to send log data to Logstash
Configure Logstash to send email alerts
Understand application support for log management
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

logstash
input, filter, output
grok filter
Log files, metrics
syslog.conf
/etc/logstash/logstash.yml
/etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml